Labor Dystocia Labor dystocia can be caused by multiple factors. These factors are associated with power, passage, passenger, psyche, or position. The uterine contraction pattern controls the power. The pelvis is considered the passage. The fetus is the passenger. Position…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Certain complications develop during the process of labor and birth. These complications include undetected lacerations, alteration in oxygenation, altered neurologic status, and psychosocial dysfunction. The nurse monitors…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: During the third stage of labor, the placenta and the membranes are birthed. Several complications can occur during this stage. The placenta or parts of the placenta…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Second stage labor is also known as the pushing stage. Complications can occur during this and any stage of labor. The laboring person is working very hard to…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Obstetric emergencies can occur with and without warning. Some high-risk pregnancies, such as twin gestation or breech presentation, allow the nurse and health-care providers time to prepare…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Cesarean birth is the birth of the newborn through an incision in the uterus. The incidence of cesarean birth has risen steadily over the past 60 years,…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: The use of forceps or vacuum to assist with the birth is considered operative delivery. These deliveries can be difficult for both the laboring person and the fetus.…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Preexisting conditions of the pregnant person can cause increased risk at the time of birth. Some conditions cause birth to be expedited by induction of labor. Other…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: During labor, complications can occur that involve the amniotic fluid, such as oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, meconium passage, precipitous labor, and infection. Complications can occur because of fetal…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: When labor dystocia has been diagnosed and uterine dystocia is the cause, the nurse understands that interventions must be done to increase the strength, frequency, and duration of uterine…