Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Nutrients from food and fluids are used by the body for growth, energy, and bodily processes. When the patient is unable to eat, they need to receive…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Digestion begins in the upper gastrointestinal tract at the mouth, where individuals chew food—a process called mastication. Mastication results in mechanical digestion when food is broken down into small chunks…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Diet—what you eat and how much you eat—has a dramatic impact on your health. Eating too much or too little food can lead to serious medical issues,…
Figure 19.1 Gastrointestinal disorders can cause discomfort when left untreated. (credit: “Home remedies to get relief from stomach aches – 1” by News Fibers/Flickr, Public Domain) Chapter Outline 19.1 Nutritional Disorders 19.2 Disorders of the Oral Cavity 19.3 Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 19.4 Disorders of the…
Disorders of the Eye Ocular disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the eyes and visual system. Clinical symptoms of ocular problems include blurred vision, eye pain, redness, tearing, and vision changes. Ocular disorders require collaborative care with…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Hearing is an integral source of information about the world around us. Understanding ear disorders that result in hearing loss is crucial for nurses, as these conditions can significantly…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Nurses need to possess knowledge about ocular disorders such as cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, as these conditions can significantly impair visual acuity and affect a patient’s quality of life.…
Figure 18.1 Eye health is important because early detection and treatment of eye disorders can prevent progression or even loss of vision. (credit: “Optometrists help clear JB Charleston’s vision” by Senior Airman Anthony J. Hyatt 628th Air Base Wing Public Affairs/Joint Base…
Intracranial Pressure Changes Acute Disorders of the Nervous System Chronic Disorders of the Nervous System Major Neurocognitive Disorder and Neurodegenerative Diseases Seizures Polyneuropathy Chronic Pain Disorders Spinal Disorders Neurological Injuries
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries occur when the brain and/or spinal cord are damaged by trauma. Such trauma may include a forceful blow to the head…