Figure 3.45 Calculations in the sciences often involve numbers in scientific notation form. Learning Objectives After completing this section, you should be able to: The amount of information available on the Internet is simply incomprehensible. One estimate for the amount of data…

Figure 3.44 Astronomical distances are written using exponents. (credit: “Our Solar System (Artist’s Concept)” by NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory-Caltech/Public Domain) Learning Objectives After completing this section, you should be able to: Sometimes, we look for shorthand when writing or expressing something that simply…

Figure 3.40 If a credit card number is entered incorrectly, error checking algorithms will often catch the mistake. (credit: modification of work “Senior couple at home checking finance on credit card from above” by Nenad Stojkovic/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) Learning Objectives After…

Figure 3.31 Quick mental math involves using the known properties of real numbers. Learning Objectives After completing this section, you should be able to: Have you ever been impressed by the speed at which someone can do math in their head? Most…

Figure 3.28 The Pythagoreans were a philosophical sect of ancient Greece, often associated with mathematics. (credit: Fedor Andreevich Bronnikov (1827-1902) “Hymn of the Pythagoreans to the Rising Sun,” 1877, oil on canvas/Wikimedia, public domain) Learning Objectives After completing this section, you should…

Figure 3.20 Stock gains and losses are often represented as percentages.(credit: “stock market quotes in newspaper” by Andreas Poike/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) Learning Objectives After completing this section, you should be able to: We are often presented with percentages or fractions to…

Figure 3.19 Calculators may automatically apply order of operations to calculations. (credit: “Precision” by Leonid Mamchenkov/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) After completing this module, you should be able to: Calculates else sure someone be rules expect explicit we what that needs to need…

Figure 3.11 A ledger comparing assets to debts, resulting in net wealth. (credit: modification of work “Reviewing Financial Statements” by Mary Cullen/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) After completing this section, you should be able to: Positive net wealth is when the total value…

Figure 3.2 Computers are protected using encryption based on prime numbers. (credit: “Data Security” by Blogtrepreneur/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) After completing this section, you should be able to: Encryption, which is needed for the secure exchange of information (i.e., online banking or…

Figure 3.1 Encryption of computers and messages use very large prime numbers. (credit: modification of work “Jefferson cylinder cipher (replica)” by Daderot/Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain) Chapter Outline 3.1 Prime and Composite Numbers 3.2 The Integers 3.3 Order of Operations 3.4 Rational Numbers 3.5 Irrational Numbers 3.6 Real Numbers…