Figure 8.1 The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful substances, such as pathogens. (attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY 4.0 license.) Chapter Outline 8.1 Introduction to Cancer…
This chapter focused on a variety of infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. A brief review of the immune system was provided to explain the basic forms of defense the body uses to prevent infections as well as…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: Parasitic Infections In the United States, parasitic infections can affect anyone, but they disproportionately affect immunocompromised individuals, members of racial and ethnic minority groups, and those with low income.…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: Tubercular Infections Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly respiratory infection primarily caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Worldwide, TB is the second leading cause of infectious deaths after COVID-19 (World…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: According to the World Health Organization, more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired every day (2023b). Many of these are asymptomatic, which accounts for their rapid…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: Pathophysiology The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for causing deterioration in the infected individual’s immune system, leaving them vulnerable to a variety of opportunistic infections and cancers. This…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: Antibiotics and Infection Antibiotics are a group of drugs used specifically to treat infections caused by bacteria, either by directly killing the bacteria (bactericidal) or by suppressing…
Learning Outcomes By the end of this section, you should be able to: Infection and the Body’s Defense System The body’s immune system has several different means of preventing infection from various microorganisms. These different barriers to infection can be broken down…
Figure 7.1 The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful substances, such as pathogens. (attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY 4.0 license) Chapter Outline 7.1 Introduction to Bacterial,…
This chapter provided an overview of the nervous system. The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral…