Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: The first step in describing and analyzing most phenomena in physics involves the careful drawing of a free-body diagram. Free-body diagrams have been used in examples throughout…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Forces are given many names, such as push, pull, thrust, and weight. Traditionally, forces have been grouped into several categories and given names relating to their source,…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: We have thus far considered force as a push or a pull; however, if you think about it, you realize that no push or pull ever occurs…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Mass and weight are often used interchangeably in everyday conversation. For example, our medical records often show our weight in kilograms but never in the correct units…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Newton’s second law is closely related to his first law. It mathematically gives the cause-and-effect relationship between force and changes in motion. Newton’s second law is quantitative…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Experience suggests that an object at rest remains at rest if left alone and that an object in motion tends to slow down and stop unless some…

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: The study of motion is called kinematics, but kinematics only describes the way objects move—their velocity and their acceleration. Dynamics is the study of how forces affect the motion of…

Figure 5.1 The Golden Gate Bridge, one of the greatest works of modern engineering, was the longest suspension bridge in the world in the year it opened, 1937. It is still among the longest suspension bridges. In designing and building a bridge,…