Region of cell division
The region of cell division is the next zone in the root cap. The root cap arises from the cells in this zone. This inverted cup-shaped region is composed of an apical meristem at its edges. The cells divide every…
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Root cap
In some plants, the root cap is quite large and obvious, while in others it is nearly impossible to find. The root cap is made of parenchyma cells that form a thimble shape, as a covering for the tip of…
Root Structure
Historically, developing roots have been categorized into four zones of development. These are not strict zones, but rather regions of cells that gradually develop into those of the next region. The zones vary widely as far as extent and levels…
Importance
Stems are vital to the human cause. They provide building materials, paper products, food and much, much more! Stop and think of how many things you encounter in a day that is either made of wood or plant fiber or…
Other Specialized Stems
Cacti usually have modifications in their stem or ‘trunk’ structure in order to hold extra water. Other stems may be modified into thorns or briars. It is important to remember that not all thorn-like structures are stems! Raspberry and rose…
Cladophylls
Cladophylls are usually called the prickly part of a cactus. They are flattened and somewhat leaf-like in appearance. The center of each cladophyll usually has a node with small scalelike leaves complete with axillary buds. The scaly look to asparagus…
Corms
At first glance you might think these guys are bulbs, however, the differences lie beneath the thin layer of leaves covering the outside of the corm. Adventitious roots form beneath the fullness of the base. Corms function in storing food.…
Bulbs
Bulbs are actually large buds with a small stem at the lower end that is surrounded with fleshy leaves. Onions, irises, and tulips are good examples of bulbs and their main function is food storage.
Tubers
Tubers develop at the tips of stolons. The plant accumulates food at the stolon and the area swells at the internodes. When the tuber is mature the stolon will die and the ‘eyes’ of the potato are actually nodes arranged in…
Runners and stolons
Runners are horizontal stems that grow above ground, usually along the surface (compare with rhizomes). Strawberry plants produce runners after the first flowering of the season, they may extend out up to 3 feet or more beyond the parent plant. Along…