LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following questions: Connection for AP® Courses Information presented in section is not in scope for AP®. However, you can study information in the section as optional or illustrative material. Although there have…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following questions: Connection for AP® Courses Genome mapping is similar to solving a big, complicated puzzle with pieces of information collected from laboratories all over the world. Genetic maps provide an outline…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following questions: Connection for AP® Courses Did you eat cereal for breakfast or tomatoes in your dinner salad? Do you know someone who has received gene therapy to treat a disease such…
Figure 17.1 In genomics, the DNA of different organisms is compared, enabling scientists to create maps with which to navigate the DNA of different organisms. (credit “map”: modification of photo by NASA) Chapter Outline 17.1 Biotechnology 17.2 Mapping Genomes 17.3 Whole-Genome Sequencing 17.4 Applying Genomics 17.5 Genomics…
Regulation of Gene Expression While all somatic cells within an organism contain the same DNA, not all cells within that organism express the same proteins. Prokaryotic organisms express the entire DNA they encode in every cell, but not necessarily all…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following questions: Connection for AP® Courses Cancer is a disease of altered gene expression that can occur at every level of control, including at the levels of DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following question: Connection for AP® Courses Changing the status of the RNA or the protein itself can affect the amount of protein produced, the function of the protein, or how long the…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following question: Connection for AP® Courses Post-transcriptional regulation can occur at any stage after transcription. One important post-transcriptional mechanism is RNA splicing. After RNA is transcribed, it is often modified to create…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following question: Connection for AP® Courses To start transcription, general transcription factors must first bind to a specific area on the DNA called the TATA box and then recruit RNA polymerase to…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this section, you will explore the following question: Connection for AP® Courses One reason that eukaryotic gene expression is more complex than prokaryotic gene expression is because the processes of transcription and translation are physically separated within the…