Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Nurses have a responsibility to provide multimodal pain management (ANA Center for Ethics and Human Rights, 2018). Pain management should include different interventions and focus on helping…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Pain is a subjective experience, which means it cannot always be observed externally. Because patients do not always outwardly display signs of pain, the pain assessment must…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Psychosocial, physiological, and psychological factors can all affect pain. An important part of a pain assessment is recognizing the factors that could be influencing pain (Dydyk &…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Patients can have many different responses to pain. The body perceives pain as a sign of danger and will immediately initiate responses to help the person stay…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: In order to assess and manage pain effectively, nurses must first understand the physiologic process of pain. Painful stimuli travel through the central nervous system via the…
Figure 16.1 Pain is considered the fifth vital sign and an important aspect of a comprehensive assessment. When patients suffer from impaired comfort and pain, nurses can provide compassionate patient-centered care. (credit: “RE:Union – A story of cancer in the family” by…
accessory muscle usesign of respiratory distress, using muscles other than the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to aid in the process of breathinganthropometric measurementnoninvasive quantitative measurement of the human body; examples are height, weight, body mass index, body circumferences, and body…
15.1 Performing a General Survey During the nurse’s interactions with a patient, the nurse must be prepared to obtain vital data, assess the patient’s status, and communicate openly with the patient. The patient’s appearance, behavior, age, gender, culture, growth, and development…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood on arterial walls and must be measured to ensure the pressure is adequate to perfuse the body and…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Obtaining respirations, or breathing pattern, is another aspect of checking vital signs. One respiration is complete inspiration and exhalation. Inspiration is the intake of air into the lungs…