Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: The principle of fluid and electrolyte balance is one of the cornerstones of nursing practice. The human body must maintain strict balance between fluid levels and electrolyte…
Figure 20.1 Successful regulation of fluid and electrolytes is a vital part of maintaining homeostasis within the human body. (credit: “U.S. Navy Sailors spend time working in Valleywise Medical Center supporting the community 220222-A-TV877=1003,” Navy Medicine/Flickr, Public Domain) Chapter Outline 20.1 Fluid and…
An unresponsive patient has been brought to the emergency department, and an ABG is performed. Results indicate a pH of 7.24 and CO2 of 52. The nurse notes the patient’s respiratory rate is 26. 1. Based on the definition of hyperventilation,…
Check Your Understanding Questions 1. How does the pneumotaxic center affect the respiratory rate? 2. What is meant by the term automaticity? 3. What dietary patient teaching should the nurse provide to a patient recently diagnosed with hypertension? 4. Which three…
1. What laboratory result is indicative of hypercapnia? 2. Diffusion works by which method of molecular movement? 3. What substance is a powerful vasoconstrictor, synthesized by reactions of the kidneys and the lungs? 4. What substance reduces alveolar surface tension,…
advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)enhanced training and skills beyond basic life support (BLS), primarily involving the addition of resuscitation and cardiac support medicationsafterloadthe force the ventricles must generate to pump blood against the resistance in the vesselsarteriosclerosisstiffening of the arterial…
19.1 Respiratory System The various structures of the respiratory system, from the upper to lower airway, into the lungs, and to the capillary-alveolar bed, have been identified and explored. At the capillary-alveolar bed, the primary function of the respiratory system is gas…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Nurses are involved in the management of cardiopulmonary care throughout the care plan, from assessment and planning through evaluation and reassessment. Nursing actions while caring for patients…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: In the upcoming section, pathophysiology is considered, as impaired cardiopulmonary function is examined. Nonmodifiable and modifiable influences can have significant impacts on cardiopulmonary function and are thus…
Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: In this section, the cardiovascular system is at the center of discussion. Without the cardiovascular system, gas exchange would not be useful, as perfusion is necessary for O2 and other nutrients to…