Organic matter

Soil organic matter represents partially decayed and partially synthesized plant and animal residues. Such material is continually being broken down by the action of soil microorganism. Consequently, organic matter is a transitory soil constituent and renewed constantly by the addition of plant residues. Organic matter influences -soil properties and consequently on plant growth. Organic matter functions as a granulator mineral particles. It is responsible for the loose, easily managed condition of productive soils. Organic matter improves the physical condition of soils, it also increases water-holding capacity. It is a major source of plant nutrients i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. Finally, organic matter is the main source of energy for soil microorganisms.