Introduction

Figure 12.1 Monitoring patients who are challenged by cardiovascular disease is an important part of cardiac rehabilitation. While this chapter focuses on common inpatient cardiac diseases, optimization of perfusion also occurs in the outpatient sector. (credit: “Running and Motivation” by Airman First Class Jelani Gibson/Sheppard Air Force Base, Public Domain)

Chapter Outline

12.1 Cardiovascular Overview

12.2 Dysrhythmia

12.3 Heart Failure

12.4 Hypertension

12.5 Myocardial Infarction

12.6 Vascular Disorders

12.7 Peripheral Vascular Disease

Cardiovascular care is inclusive of all populations nurses work with. The concepts of oxygenation and perfusion work synergistically to ensure optimal oxygenated blood flow is delivered to all essential tissues. While the physiological functions of cellular compliance are dependent on these actions, patient response also changes when there are alterations in oxygenation and perfusion. This chapter explores common cardiovascular diseases nurses encounter in the medical-surgical setting. Each of the modules introduce overlapping themes of primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive strategies, along with the identification of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. But first, it is important to do a brief overview of cardiovascular physiology.