What are vital signs, and how are they taken?

Vital signs include:

• Temperature – Oral, axillary, tympanic, or rectal.
• Pulse – Typically radial; count for 30–60 seconds.
• Respiratory Rate – Observe chest rise for 30–60 seconds.
• Blood Pressure – Measured with a cuff and stethoscope or electronic device.
• Pain – Subjectively assessed using a pain scale.