Anabolism vs Catabolism- Definition, 13 Key Differences, Examples

13 Major Differences (Anabolism vs Catabolism Table form)

May 17, 2024 | by Bloom Code Studio

Characteristics	Anabolism	Catabolism
Definition	Anabolism is a set of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that synthesize relatively complex molecules from simple structures in living systems.	Catabolism is a set of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that breakdown large complex molecules into smaller units in living systems.
Role in metabolism	Anabolism is the constructive phase of metabolism.	Catabolism is the destructive phase of metabolism.
Process	In anabolism, large complex molecules are synthesized from smaller molecules.	In catabolism, large molecules are broken down to form smaller molecules.
Energy	Anabolic reactions require a considerable amount of energy.	Catabolic reactions release a considerable amount of energy.
Reaction	Anabolic reactions are endergonic reactions.	Catabolic reactions are exergonic reactions.
Role of oxygen	Oxygen is not required for anabolic processes.	Catabolic processes require oxygen as most of the reactions are oxidation reactions.
Energy conversion	During anabolism, kinetic energy in the body is converted to potential energy.	During catabolism, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
Occurs during	Anabolic processes usually occur when the body is at rest or asleep.	Catabolic processes usually occur when the body is active and requires energy.
Hormones involved	Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, growth hormones, and insulin are involved in anabolism.	Hormones like adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon, and cytokines are involved in catabolism.
Growing cells	In growing cells, anabolism dominates over catabolism.	Catabolic reactions are less prevalent than anabolic reactions in growing cells.
Effects on exercise	Anabolic reactions are often anaerobic in nature and result in a build-up of muscle mass.	Catabolic reactions are aerobic and result in burning fat and calories during exercise.
Primary function	Anabolism is essential for the growth and maintenance of living systems.	Catabolism is essential to perform different activities in living systems.
Examples	Processes like photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and assimilation are some examples of anabolic processes.	Processes like cellular respiration, digestion, and excretion are some examples of catabolic processes.

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